The role of resilience, self-efficacy and school attachment in the process of intentional self-regulation

Abstract

Besides some other factors, the process of intentional self-regulation may promote the actualization of personal goals. According to Freund and Baltes (2002), selection, optimization and compensation are the main strategies of this process. The use and preference of these strategies may be determined by age and experiences as well (Baltes, Lindenberger, & Staudinger, 2006). The aim of the research was to examine the role of three supporting factors in the process of intentional self-regulation which had not been directly examined before. Adolescents (N=325) and young adults (N=194) filled in the SOC Scale (Freund & Baltes, 2002, in Hungarian: Jámbori & Kőrössy, 2018), the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale (Járai, 2015), the General Self-efficacy Scale (Kopp, Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1993), the School Attachment Scale (Szabó & Virányi, 2011), and the Hope Scale (Martos et al, 2014). Our results demonstrated that all three factors had a direct effect on SOC strategies but with different scores. Self-efficacy, hope and resilience had the strongest relationship with optimization. Among adolescents, school attachment showed the strongest positive relation with optimization and compensation. Our results also revealed that young adults used lossbased selection more often, and this strategy was also more dominant among girls. Linear regression analysis outlined the role of hope and resilience in the process of intentional selfregulation among young adults, but among adolescents only the role of hope was dominant in all SOC strategies.